💟~ MEDICATION ORDERS~💟
✅1. Stat Orders
~ order for a single dose of medication to be given immediately. Stat drugs are often prescribed in emergency situations.
✅2. Single-dose orders
~ One-time medications or may require the administration of drops or tablet over a short period of time. Drugs often prescribed for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
✅3. Standing orders
~ Referred to as scheduled orders.
~ Is in effect until the prescriber discontinues or modifies the dosage or frequency. When order specifies the number of days, the order has an automatic stop date.
✅4. PRN Orders
~ Drug ordered on an " as needed " basis as circumstances indicate. Order indicates how frequently a PRN medication can be given.
~ When PRN medication has been administered, nurse documents the assessment and the time of administration.
Happy studying 😍😊☺
‼️💙ABGs ‼️💙
~✅✅✅✅ How to solve Metabolic/Respiratory Problems?😊😊😊
~ Normal Values of ABGs ~
•√ PH - 7.35 - 7.45
•√ PCO2 - 35 - 45 mmHg
•√ HCO3 - 22 -26 meq/l
•√ PO2 - 80 - 100 mmHg
✅ 💟Step #1: Look at the PH first. If it's low (below 7.35) then ACIDOSIS
If its high (above 7.45) then ALKALOSIS.
✅ 💟Step #2 : Decide if it's Metabolic or Respiratory problem.
If PCO2 is raised, Respiratory Acidosis and Vice versa
Or
HCO3 level disturbance shows Metabolic Problem,
If HCO3 is raised, Metabolic Alkalosis or Vice Versa
~✅💟Step #3 : Decide if its compensated or uncompensated
If there's problem in PCO2 and HCO3 levels and PH is in normal range, it is COMPENSATED
If PH is not in normal range its UNCOMPENSATED.
✅💟 Step #4 : Look also for the history of the case.
If the problem is in Respiratory System, Lungs or Chest, it will be respiratory.
If problem is other than Lungs, i.e. fever, diarrhea, diabetes, exercise etc.
It will be Metabolic. Follow ROME, (Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal ☺)
Prepared by: Ela May Bautista , RN
✅💟NURSING BULLETS YOU NEED TO JOT DOWN💟✅
Hepatitis A is transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated food or infected food handlers.
Hepatitis B, C, and D are transmitted bloodborne most commonly via infected blood or body fluids.
Laboratory indicators of hepatitis include elevated liver enzyme levels, elevated serum bilirubin levels, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and leukopenia.
Meperidine (Demerol) rather than morphine sulfate is the medication of choice to treat pain in pancreatitis
Morphine sulfate --is a drug than can cause spasms in the sphincter of Oddi.
Elevation of serum lipase is the mostreliable indicator of pancreatitis because this enzyme is produced solely by the pancreas.
The appropriate sequence for abdominal examination is inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation.
Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic.
--- Excessive use of furosemide will most likely lead to a metabolic alkalosis due to hypochloremia and hypokalemia.
Mannitol causes HYPERNATREMIA
Digoxin is a cardiac medication. Increases cardiac contractility and decreases heart rate
Digoxin posesses positive inotropic action, negative chronotopic action, and negative dromotropic action.
POSITIVE INOTROPIC ACTION: this is the main function of digoxin and it increases myocardial contractility.
NEGATIVE CHRONOTROPIC AND NEGATIVE DROMOTROPIC ACTIONS:
negative chronotropic- decreases heart rate
SIDE EFFECTS: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, visual disturbances, rash, hallucinations, confusion, dizziness, n delirium.
therapetuic serum level should be 1.5 - 2.5 ng/ml.
Digibind (digoxin immune Fab)
-is an ANTIDOTE for severe digoxin toxicity.
In a Billroth II procedure, the proximal remnant of the stomach is anastomosed to the proximal jejunum.
IN BILLROTH II the most complication is DUMPING SYNDROME
Dumping syndrome is a term thatrefers to a constellation of vasomotor symptoms that occurs after eating, especially following a Billroth II procedure.
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